Cardiac Function

SPAMM (SPAtial Modulation of Magetization)



Striped heart

Simulated 3D tag data set

SPAMM Analysis



Analysis Flow Chart




Applications

Applications of SPAMM Imaging - Infarct
K9 Cardiomyoplasty analyzed with 2D optical flow



Displacement

Displacement map of cardiomyoplasty.

Left: Nonstimulated demonstrates uniform displacement over the entire left ventricle
Right: Muscule stimulation resulted in an increase in displacement in the anterior region of the left ventricle.


Principal strain

Maximum Principal Strain Lambda 1

Left: Uniform strain pattern in the nonstimulated myoplasty
Right: Stimulation increased the principle strain in the aterior region indicating an improvement in function.



Infarct Surface Mapping

3D Surface Modeling

3 Month Post-MI, Control (left) and Treated (right)


Border Zone analysis performed using 2D optical flow:
Spamm Application
      Left: Created Anterior Infarct            Right: Placed titanium Markers at BZ

Spamm Application

Short axis image of an ovine infarct model eight weeks post infarct with marker indicating border zone region. The border zone was considered to be the adjacent myocardium within a 20 degree arc of the marker.

Graph

In the non-infarct borderzone strain increased linearly from end-diastole to end-systole. Strain increased during isovolumic contraction in the control group but decreased thereafter. In the CSD strain increased then remained constant and dramatically increased during late ejection.



For questions or comments regarding this web site, please email radweb@uphs.upenn.edu
Last Updated:8/14/06